Policy

ANC Policy Discussion documents

Organisational Renewal

• The ANC can renew itself without losing its traditional outlook • The core processes of Organisational Renewal entail consolidating the organisational architecture of the ANC, policy formulation, monitoring and evaluation, relentless communication and the battle of ideas, political education and ideological training, constant engagement with the centres of power, flawless engagement with the motive forces, bolstering organising and campaigns, mass mobilisation as it relates to membership growth and election’s development.

Executive summary

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Organizational renewal Executive summary

• The ANC can renew itself without losing its traditional outlook • The core processes of Organisational Renewal entail consolidating the organisational architecture of the ANC, policy formulation, monitoring and evaluation, relentless communication and the battle of ideas, political education and ideological training, constant engagement with the centres of power, flawless engagement with the motive forces, bolstering organising and campaigns, mass mobilisation as it relates to membership growth and election’s development. • The ANC must conduct a massive SKILLS AUDIT at all levels amongst its employees and cadres with the objective of assessing their suitability and/or competencies .• A comprehensive training and development programme must be a design to build the intellectual capital of the ANC structures at all levels (branch, region, province and national) • The document recommends that the NEC must be reduced to a sizeable NEC comprising of tried and tested cadres of the movement, balanced by youth and women activists. • NOT more the 65% of NEC Members should serve in the Cabinet and Provincial Legislatures. • Revolutionary Electoral Commission that must be established post Conference as per previous resolution will ensure the screening of cadres and recommending to the Deployment Committee ideologically grounded and intellectually developed cadres for servicing the people of South Africa. • The ANC should position the Veterans League as a Council of elders whose main political function would be to provide advice and counsel to the structures and leadership of the ANC. It therefore follows that due to the special place the veterans occupy in the ANC, the veterans should not contest leadership positions within the ANC. • Respect to the ANC the ANC Caucuses, Parliamentary, Legislative and Council possibly the biggest challenge is to design an appropriate structure for the management of both government and legislature work • Efforts should be made to strengthen the Veterans League and ensure that they become the lifeblood of the African National Congress. • A one stop ANC portal infrastructure should be rolled out to reconnect ANC to the people and membership

Economic Transformation

• Reducing unemployment and youth unemployment o Increasing youth access to vocational training and apprenticeship programmes. Working together business, government and labour must create up to 1 million internships in order to bring more young people into the labour market. • Returning land to our people and supporting land reform o The success of land redistribution will be improved if there is greater oversight over land, farming equipment and technical skills transfer to the beneficiaries of land reform. Click here for more

Executive summary

Executive summary

• Reducing unemployment and youth unemployment o Increasing youth access to vocational training and apprenticeship programmes. Working together business, government and labour must create up to 1 million internships in order to bring more young people into the labour market. • Returning land to our people and supporting land reform o The success of land redistribution will be improved if there is greater oversight over land, farming equipment and technical skills transfer to the beneficiaries of land reform. • Increasing black ownership and control in the economy o Priority must be given to ensuring black ownership in emerging new sectors of the economy, such as, the potential that surrounds the development of new gas sector as a large-scale energy source for South Africa, as well as the potential to take forward new opportunities linked to South Africa’s Ocean economy as revealed through the work of Operation Phakisa. • Activating small businesses and co-operatives o Many black entrepreneurs would be more successful if they had some form of targeted financial support, including tax breaks, and improved market access. • Raising the level of investment o Policy certainty is key for long-term investment. • Strengthening social justice and conditions for the poor and working class • Improving the employment impact of infrastructure projects • Reducing inequality and poverty o As will the implementation of a minimum wage to improve the earning of low-income workers. Increased access to efficiently-delivered subsidised basic services as well as social grants also assists in bringing many poor households above the poverty line. • Dismantling monopoly practices and structures o Price-fixing and other anticompetitive practices should be stamped out through-out the economy. • Asserting South Africa’s interests in the global economy o South Africa must assert its right to change the overall structure of its economy from one based mainly on colonial extraction to one based on production and the expansion of its domestic industrial and services. The scale and scope of research and development (R&D) must be increased so as to facilitate the development of new products and technologies, such as, the ongoing effort to facilitate an advance in platinum beneficiation, through collaborative R&D around the application of new fuel cell technologies. • Improving integration into the African economy o All aspects of South Africa’s economic planning should include a regional focus - whether it means striking agreements with Mozambique on South Africa’s access to the country’s gas reserves, or with Lesotho on water reserves, or with Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe and the DRC on power, or whether it is about sourcing cheaper chicken feed from South Africa’s neighbours to improve the competitiveness of the country’s poultry industry, or increasing exports into the region of manufactured goods, food stuffs and services, including financial services. • Stimulating inclusive growth

Executive summary

Other Important issues to note: • Free Services o Populist forces, seek to totally reject paying for services, such as, road upgrades, municipal services and university fees, despite the fact that such payment systems are based on the logic of cross-subsidisation from the rich to the poor. • Downgrades o Retaining or increasing South Africa’s investment grade rating and working in a concerted manner to avoid any future investment rating downgrade, as a lower investment rating will result in higher borrowing costs, which would take resources away from development. • Mining o Ensuring that minerals legislation provides a predictable, stable, competitive and certain regulatory environment for increased mining activity and investment.

Strategy and Tactics

The Strategy and Tactics document of the African National Congress was adopted in 2007. The document focuses on how global components have an impact on the organisation's objectives. Strategy refers to the ANC's long term goals and tactics are the short term, medium term goals put in place to ensure that long term goals are achieved.

Executive summary

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Issues highlighted in the document Economy • A national democratic society should be founded on a thriving economy. • The economy should be reflective of the resources that the country possesses. • The economy should have cutting edge technology, labour absorbing industrial development and thriving small businesses. • The redistribution of land should be one of the main priorities for the benefit of those who were denied access by colonialism. • The land should be redistributed for purposes of agriculture, housing, environmental preservation, mining, entertainment and others. • The democratic society will have a mixed economy with state, co-operatives fairly represented. • Workers should have decent jobs, job security and a living wage. • Anti-poverty programmes should be put in place to ensure the successful integration of all communities into economic activity.

Strategy and Tactics summary

Leadership • To address social challenges facing South Africa, a leadership that can galvanise society into active citizenship is needed. • All societal stakeholders have to play a role in achieving the ideals provided for in the Constitution. • ANC has to renew itself so that it is able to exercise societal leadership in a changing environment. • The ANC has to devise tactics that are suitable for SA's current conditions.

Inequality • South Africa faces challenges of inequality as a result of apartheid history of the country. • The apartheid system discriminated people based on race, gender, class and geographic location. • There is income inequality and inequitable distribution of wealth. • The National Development Plan has been endorsed to solve some of the problems the country is facing including inequality. • Black women are the worst affected by inequality, they are at the bottom of the food chain. • The ANC aims to create material and cultural conditions that would allow the abilities of women to flourish. Others issues • The youth have to be stimulated and encouraged in order to build a successful country. • The elderly and children have to protected and advanced. • The media has an important role in promoting social cohesion. • Health care, education, and social safety net should top the national agenda. • There should be efforts to inject rights as provided for in the Constitution into the lived experiences of all citizens.

Strategy and Tactics summary

• The Women’s League has to lead in the education and mobilisation of ANC members. • The Women’s League should act as a voice for ANC women members and the mass of South African women. • The Women’s League is tasked with leading in the struggle against patriarchy. • The Youth League has the responsibility to harness energies of young people in the process of social transformation. • The Veterans’ League should provide wisdom to the ANC; give frank and honest counsel to the organisation.

Communications & battle of ideas

The document is themed “ Towards the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Catalysing economic growth, building an inclusive society and advancing a public discourse” and presents ANC policy perspectives in the following policy areas:1. The Battle of Ideas 2. Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) 3. Postal Services and Post Bank 4. Broadcasting and Content 5. Print Media Transformation

Communications & battle of ideas summary

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Communications & battle of ideas summary

The document is themed “ Towards the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Catalysing economic growth, building an inclusive society and advancing a public discourse” and presents ANC policy perspectives in the following policy areas: 1. The Battle of Ideas 2. Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) 3. Postal Services and Post Bank 4. Broadcasting and Content 5. Print Media Transformation objectives: • Repositioning the ANC to effectively participate in the battle of ideas .• Strengthening the communications capacity of the executive and legislative branches of government. • Developing roadmap towards the realisation of the NDP Vision 2030. • Within the context of the NDP, developing a roadmap to effectively harness opportunities offered by the Fourth Industrial Revolution - prepare South Africa for the Digital Economy and the 4th Industrial Revolution

Communications & battle of ideas summary

The establishment of an ANC 4th Industrial Revolution Commission is the first step to create the enabling environment and capacity within the ANC. The reskilling of our people, the development of digital and other entrepreneurial skills must be considered in order to manage the challenge that will arise with the advent of digitisation. The discussion document further identifies the media as a site of struggle. The document therefore centers on radical transformation of the media industry and the building of a plurality of voices within society. The adoption of ICTs will help the ANC to promote online interaction with members, strengthen branches and broaden ongoing interaction with the general population and potential ANC base using the digital online platforms. call for the digitising of Government services (Post Offices, Police, Education, Health, Home Affairs etc.) and the fast tracking of the deployment of broadband connectivity aimed at creating SMART communities (including SMART villages) Government must accelerate the implementation of the Integrated National ICT Policy with a strong emphasis on the following priorities:

Communications & battle of ideas summary

• introduction of a new market structure based on open access principles to enable competition • effective regulation and enforcement of regulations through the establishment of two new regulators one being for content and the other for infrastructure • the establishment of the Digital Development Fund as a dedicated instrument to support SMMEs and digital development initiatives • acceleration of the roll-out programme to connect schools, clinics and government offices • lowering the cost to communicate and the cost of data (colloquily referred to as #DataMustFall) the ANC led government has adopted South African Post office Turn-Around Plan. The current focus of the document is on integration of the Postal Office and the Postal Bank in the broadband and digital developments. The implementation of the Digital Migration programme must be prioritized. To this end the switch-off date for the analogue signal in the entire country must be achieved by 31 December 2018 .The document calls for the finalisation of the broadcasting policy review to position the Public Broadcaster within the digital future in terms of platforms, content hubs and technological abilities. The document further calls for stability at the SABC through strict adherence to good corporate governance principles, compliance with the Broadcasting Act and employment of skilled and qualified persons.

Communications & battle of ideas summary

The document further acknowledges that self-regulation of the media has failed and reaffirms the need for independent regulation of the media. Government must ensure the introduction of radical legislative and regulatory interventions on crossmedia ownership. Our must be to break the monopoly and ensure the participation of Blacks and Africans in particular. develop a comprehensive position paper on the 4th Industrial Revolution setting out the key principles of the new economic landscape.

International Relations

HISTORICAL MANDATE OF THE ANC: A PROGRESSIVE INTERNATIONALISM • Progressive internationalism is a radical perspective of international relations that the liberation movement developed out of the struggle for liberation. • It is born out of its interaction with fellow liberation movements throughout the world and international solidarity movements.

Executive summary

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ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

HISTORICAL MANDATE OF THE ANC: A PROGRESSIVE INTERNATIONALISM • Progressive internationalism is a radical perspective of international relations that the liberation movement developed out of the struggle for liberation. • It is born out of its interaction with fellow liberation movements throughout the world and international solidarity movements. • It is radical in that it entails opposition to the perpetuation of the legacy of global imperialism manifest in the global power asymmetry, the dominance of the global North over the South and the world, structural global inequality and poverty. Campaigns • Campaign against the constant exploitation of Africa and her natural resources by Western powers and their multinational corporations. • Lobby our governments to advance progressive positions on Africa’s development in the African Union, the United Nations and international financial institutions. • Consolidate the African Union’s initiative of engaging the African Diaspora as the “sixth region” of Africa. • Condemn our colonisers for sponsoring factionalism amongst liberation movements, including the use of some NGO’s and media outlets. • Popularize the outcome of the high level panel on the illicit financial flows out the continent and its recommendations.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

• To express concern at the prevailing situation of the peoples of Sudan, notably the situation in Abyei, the displacement of peoples in Nuba mountains, South Kordofan and Blue Nile; and for progressive forces to support the AU and UN efforts to stabilize both Sudan and South Sudan. • To unite on the urgency of advancing the aspirations of the peoples of Western Sahara towards a free and fair referendum as Africa’s last colony seeking self-determination. • Continue to condemn the delaying actions of Morocco to implement resolution of the United Nations and the African Union in regard to the question of Western Sahara, as well as look at various ways to isolate Morocco. • To recognize that political solutions in Swaziland should be led by Swazis; • To develop creative programmes to ensure the potential of women and the youth on our continent is harnessed for a constructive, patriotic role in our societies; • To condemn the continued occupation of Palestinian territories by the Israeli government and called for a free Palestine along the 1967 borders with (East) Jerusalem as its capital: • Reiterate support for Palestinian aspirations for an independent state including the full membership of the UN; and called on the UN Security Council to show leadership in halting the expansion of Israeli settlements and the harassment of Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails as they as they have done in their last resolution on this matter.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

• A consolidated programme on the celebration on Africa Day and Mandela Day as platform to foster unity, patriotism and fight racism and intolerance. African Renaissance A prosperous, stable, secure, and peaceful Africa remains an important objective of the ANC’s international relations policy. • South Africa is today acclaimed for its role in promoting peaceful and inclusive resolution of Africa’s conflicts in countries like Burundi, Cote d’Ivoire, the DRC, Sudan, South Sudan, Madagascar, Comoros and, Zimbabwe. • We shall develop and participate in efforts to utilize African resources, particularly natural resources to power investments in the agricultural and marine (blue economy) sectors, as well as act in an environmentally responsible actor in development. • We concur with the objectives of Agenda 2063, to link Africa through modern world class infrastructure, increased intra-African trade, greater movement of people and goods, and ensuring that the remaining territories in Africa which are occupied need to be liberated. • Our strategic role should be informed by the dialectical relationship between continuity and change in a constantly changing environment. • This dialectic is best managed on the basis of an enlightened understanding of what is in South Africa’s interests where this does not mean narrow self-interests, but a host of developments that should considered to be for the greater good of South Africa and Africa, directly or indirectly. There’s an urgent need to soldier ahead with the reform of the United Nations and the Security Council (the only body in the world entrusted with the responsibility of the maintenance of international peace and security, including the power to utilise force, i.e. military force). This body continues to be undemocratic and anachronistic, dominated by the P5 Second World War victors, ordinarily conceived as police men of the world and mandated to deal with the prevention of war in Europe.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

The importance of the African Union For Africans, the African Union (AU) provides an important vehicle as a continent’s premier body, to engage the system of global governance with one voice. • A key component of the African agenda is the strengthening of continental and regional institutions. • We have to mobilise progressive forces in the South and worldwide to strengthen the system of global governance and the UN in particular, to remain a bulwark against unilateralist and war-mongering tendencies that are based on crude national interests of the powerful nations. • We need to strengthen linkages between the AU and its building blocks, the regional economic communities, to realise a better Africa that we all aspire for. • We must encourage our African leaders to fully embrace Africa’s shared values and continue with concerted actions to improve the living condition on the continent with a view to realise African renaissance. • Yet, we guard against pursuit mainly that which will be of immediate direct value as opposed to creating conditions for long-term sustainability of the South Africa.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

By 2020 All Guns Will be Silent • The noble aim of Agenda 2063 to ensure that all conflicts in Africa will be resolved by 2020 must be supported by the ANC. • We will continue to contribute to post-conflict reconstruction and development, peacekeeping operations and peace diplomacy through the support of mediation efforts. • It is imperative to monitor and expose foreign involvement on the continent. • In this regard we must focus on the designs of AFRICOM, especially since it may take the form of military co-operation in the form of the war against terrorism or drugs, as opposed to a United States military base being established.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

SADC integration • SADC, and the integration of its member states must be the number one priority of the ANC, and ipso facto, the democratic government. • It is in our own interest to promote an improved regional stability through support for peace, conflict resolution and prosperity. • In this regard, preventative diplomacy and early warning systems are crucial tools for achieving this. • The ANC supports efforts to implement the Free Trade Agreement (FTA), as the basis for greater integration programmes. • The SADC-East African Community (EAC) and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) initiative should receive support from the ANC and the government. • SADC Integration should be comprehensive and all-encompassing to include the formation of a SADC Parliament.

BRICS • The ANC government has positioned South Africa strategically in the BRICS platform whose significance is steadily growing. • The inauguration of the BRICS Bank represents a tangible way of expanding alternative sources of support to developing countries in need of finance to turn their economies around. • Through the efforts of our Government, South Africa is to host the Africa office of the BRICS Bank, further strengthening our efforts to implement the vision of an African Renaissance while deepening south-south cooperation.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

Western Powers fuelling the rise of the Islamic State • Divisions in the UN Security Council are often limiting and almost paralyzing its ability to ensure an end to unnecessary conflicts. It is clear that it would need a fundamental reform of the Council for it to regain both its legitimacy and its effectiveness as a custodian of global peace and security. • Yet, the discussions on the reform of the UN and its Security Council have stalled and very little progress has been made thus far to address its anachronistic status. • The recent rise of the Islamic State (IS) can be directly linked to western military activities in Iraq, Libya and Syria. This phenomenon has resulted in massive irregular migration of people from the Middle East and North Africa. • The ability of the UN Security Council to promote international security is hampered by its limited legitimacy as it is yet to be reformed in order to reflect the current geopolitical realities. • It is also hampered by geopolitical contestations where Western powers are often pitted against the East, particularly Russia and China as witnessed in matters of the Middle East.

Stance on Syria and Israel • The violation of the Syrian sovereignty and interventionist agenda by forces that seek to bring about regime change in Syria has led to the paralysis in the United Nations Security Council. • The paralysis in the United Nations Security Council on the Syrian issue has brought into sharp focus the need to implement reform of the institutions of global governance, so that they reflect today’s realities.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

Stance on Syria and Israel • Parallel to the situation in Syria, there is no progress towards dialogue and a political solution for a two-state solution in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. • The ANC will join other progressive forces in the world to give impetus to the Palestinian struggle, through campaigns in different platforms to internationalise the Palestinian struggle. • The ANC calls on the UN to play an active and central role as a representative world body in efforts to resolve the Palestinian question. • We cannot turn a blind on Israeli efforts to galvanise support from Africa and elsewhere with a view to undermine the Palestinian cause. • Furthermore the ANC shall engage progressive forces on the continent on the need to develop a common position and posture in preparation for the upcoming Israeli-Africa Summit scheduled for October 2017 in Togo.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

Cote d’Ivoire and Libya • A key component of the African agenda is the strengthening of continental and regional institutions. • The recent events in Cote d’Ivoire and Libya suggest that of primary importance will be to ensure that these institutions, especially the African Union, including its organs, and the Regional Economic Communities, as well as SADC have sufficient political, intellectual, and technical capacity to respond quickly to the ever-changing context. This raises the question whether we should not as a movement stimulate a broad and inclusive discussion about the character of political and institutional leadership that is required to respond to the particular challenges of our time as well as how the continent and sub-region will sustain a certain level of leadership on African concerns globally and within Africa. Strengthen North-South Dialogue

South Africa’s relationship with the North and the US in particular remain crucial. While the Obama administration has assured a full renewal of the AGOA agreement, the future of this agreement under the Donald Trump administration remains uncertain, especially since the latter’s administration has not as yet made pronouncements on his engagement with Africa. The South African government should engage the US administration to preserve AGOA. • Our resolve remains the need to address the gap between the rich North and the poor South. • We are mindful that the relations between Africa and the EU remains skewed in favour of the European, however commits to undertake necessary steps to correct this situation. • We are mindful that the relations between Africa and the EU remains skewed in favour of the European, however commits to undertake necessary steps to correct this situation. • Shared prosperity could also be realised through the reform of international finance institutions like the WTO, IMF and World Bank.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

Parliamentary Solidarity Our participation in the Pan Africa Parliament (PAP) is predicated on the need to advance participatory democracy, good governance and prosperity. • We believe that moving the PAP from its advisory status to a legislative body requires renewed commitment from our continental political leadership. • Furthermore, the ANC should intensify efforts to build better alignment between the PAP and the AU and the SADC Parliamentary Forum. • Our parliament shall build strong relations with parliamentary forums in different hemispheres through participation in the Inter-parliamentary Union to advance common agenda. • As elected representatives of South Africans, the ANC will assist parliament to improve communication with the public so as to enhance comprehension of our international engagements. Strengthening the understanding of party-to-party and political multi-lateral relations The Africa National Congress needs to: • Strategically participate in multi-lateral political institutions and organisations • Consolidate relations with the former liberation movements • Strengthen relations with fraternal parties in the continent • Expand the scope to relations with parties in the south and progressive organisations and movements in the north.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

Our ability to help build a progressive movement has the potential to build stronger relations with both governments and democratic forces in Africa generally, as well as greatly enhance the possibilities of a global progressive movement. With the constant swing of political power from progressive to conservative forces, and back to progressive, which has become common, party-to-party relations, serve as a scaffold by which the progressive agenda is carried through behind the periods of setbacks. Socialist International • The ANC sees the Socialist International as an important forum for the mobilisation of the world progressive movement around issues of a better world and a better Africa. • The ANC had together with others decided to effect changes in the Socialist International to curtail the dominance of Europeans in the organisation and to allow greater representation of other regions in the globe. Our relations in South and Latin America continue to grow but we must pay particular focus to the Caribbean as it would be necessary for the ANC to participate in this region and its progressive forums like the Sao Paulo Forum, which can assist us in growing and deepening relations with progressive formations and political parties.

ANC National Policy Conference: International Relations

Organizational integration of International Work • The ANC needs to mobilize ANC members and supporters abroad into appropriate mechanism/forums to enable members and these supports to keep in touch with the movement and developments in the country at all material times. • South African form huge groups which are organized in US, Canada, United Arab Emirates, Australia, United Kingdom, and Cuba. The movement needs to take urgent advantage and opportunity of these as a base to grow the ANC internationally.

Education, Health, Science and Technology

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Executive summary

Social Transformation

Peace and Stability

South Africa is relative stabile compared to many countries of the African continent and the world. ANC security assessment identifies economic weaknesses as one of the key threats to national security and interests. As the gateway to the African continent, ANC’s detractors believe that Foreign Intelligence Services (FIS) efforts to control and manipulate South Africa will enable them to control the whole African continent, advance their agendas and expand their spheres of influence.

Executive summary

THREATS **ANC security assessment identifies four broad categories of threats 1.) Threats to the territorial integrity of the Republic • Challenges in the management of migration • Management and control of the border environment. KEY ISSUES • Speedy implementation of the Border Management Authority (BMA) to fast track the integration mechanism and educate members of the branch on its benefits. • Management of migration taking into account protection of low skilled jobs and certain economic sectors in the interest of locals. • Dealing with issue of crime and xenophobia. • Increased capacity and budget of the security cluster to effectively deal with the territorial integrity of the country. 2.) Threats to the authority of the state. • Violent community protests • Violent industrial action • Instability in the transport sector • Instability in the education sector • Cyber-security challenges • Undue activities of the private security industry • Inability to secure information and critical • Infrastructure

Peace & Stability summary

KEY ISSUES TO BE DISCUSSED • Enforcement of public gathering act. • There is a need to categorise the vandalism of public properties as economic sabotage. • Improve effective intelligence and prosecutorial driven investigations. • Address challenges of governance and service failure that are used as platform by opportunistic elements. • Awareness and public education on the right to protest without impacting on others negatively. 3.) Threats to the well-being and safety of South Africans and threat to the country’s economic development. • the non-traditional security threats (water, food and energy challenges) • International terrorism • violent extremism, • transnational organised crime • Narcotics. KEY ISSUES TO BE DISCUSSED • Rally and mobilise communities at the branch level to lead society in the fight against the use of narcotics. • Revive and lead community participation in the community safety forums and street committees. • Improve state capacity on delivery of services. • Improve intelligence and prosecutorial driven investigations. • Public awareness and education programme on curbing extremist, gangsterism and drugs

Peace & Stability summary

4.) Threats to economic development • illicit financial flows, • corruption, • illicit mining of precious metals, • threat of ferrous and non-ferrous metals • wildlife crimes. KEY ISSUES TO BE DISCUSSED • Enforcement of appropriate legislation on transfer pricing and illicit economy. • Tighten legislation and curb illicit mining. • Introduction of life style audits, broaden vetting and financial Monitoring to curb corruption • Awareness and civic education on illicit mining, financial outflows, Theft of ferrous and non-ferrous material, corruption, wildlife protection

Peace & Stability summary

POLICY DISCUSSIONS 1.) CORRECTIONAL SERVICES FOREIGNERS The Department of Correctional Services and the country is hosting in its 243 correctional centres 6440 sentenced foreign nationals that are serving an average of 10.6 years for various crimes committed in South Africa. The South African taxpayer foots a bill amounting to R845 million per annum and R8.96 billion over their average ten-year sentence period. In addition the costs of rehabilitation may be regarded as fruitless given the fact that on completion of the sentence they get deported to their respective countries of origin. • As a developing country is South Africa in a position to Incarcerate and fund (from the fiscus) the long imprisonment of foreign nationals who commit aggressive crimes such as murder and robbery or must these convicted persons be sent back to their country of origin to serve their sentence? What areas of concern must be highlighted in the policy? PAROLE International trends show that numbers of offenders serving their sentences within their communities are much higher than those in custody, with custody reserved for crimes regarded as very serious against the society. Planned changes to the parole review include the introduction of a separate legislation for Parole and Supervision, so that dedicated and comprehensive policy and legislative framework is built, as well as resourcing and capacitating of community corrections. How will the review of parole regime impact on overcrowding in correctional centres? Advance victim participation? Ensuring effective social re-integration? Petty offences and serious crimes? What consideration on parole/probation must be to reduce overcrowding?

Peace & Stability summary

2.) HOME AFFAIRS The mandate of the DHA remains what it was 1994: to manage identity and international migration in the interests of service delivery, development and national security. However, the DHA is still locked into legal, funding, operational and organizational models that prevent it from delivering effectively against this mandate. THE YOUTH OF AFRICA In the next 20 to 30 years, Africa is estimated to have one of the largest youth bulge in the world. As a result, the governments’ inability to effectively manage their youth’s affairs will in the future become one of the national security threats. Further, considering Europe’s efforts to tighten their migration policies in an attempt to reduce the number of migrants entering their countries, most of the African youth will move to South Africa. Added to our own youth bulge, such situation will lead to fierce competition for the scarce resources, thereby generating social instability. Over the past 23 years the role of the DHA has been widely misunderstood to be that of an administrative department that delivers routine identity and immigration services of low value. • How can the DHA use the digital revolution to: i. Empower all citizens? ii. Drastically reduce fraud and corruption? iii. Enable much faster and better services? iv. Improve responsiveness to the people problems and planning? March 2016, the DHA was officially located within the JCPS cluster as the first step to ensuring that it plays a key role in the security architecture of the state. Other key elements that need to be repositioned are its policy framework and security, operational, organisational and funding models.

Peace & Stability summary

What must be done to ensure that the staff, systems and data of the DHA is sufficiently protected from syndicates, fraud and other threats to play its full role in national security and public safety? For more than ten years the DHA has argued that it is strategic; that it needs to be secure; and it is a crucial enabler of public and private services, economic development and security. This argument was supported by internal and external developments: • Inefficiency and outdated systems combined with corruption made life unbearable for citizens waiting for crucial enabling documents such as birth certificates, IDs and passports. • The level of fraudulent documents led to other countries claiming that South Africa was the weakest link in security globally and some imposed new visa requirements. • The abuse of the asylum seeker system by migrants with low skill levels combined with the 2008 influx of Zimbabweans led to a systems breakdown and social unrest. The DHA had to develop a new approach to immigration and new systems to meet the demands of South Africa joining the family of nations after 1994, including hosting international events such as the 2010 FIFA world cup.

Peace & Stability summary

3.) DEFENCE A case for new funding model for the SANDF and the Defence Review The Department has taken initiatives on a funding model for the Defence Force which will inter alia: • Provide alternative funding for the Milestone 1 to arrest of the decline of the SANDF. • Provide alternative funding solutions for the DoD Long-Term Force development. • Assist policy decision makers to reduce the funding burden for the SANDF on the national fiscus. • There are various alternative sources for a future funding model that we currently examining and in discussion with the National Treasury and Cabinet. These include: o The leveraging of DoD land and property assets o Rendering various disaster management services for a fee o A more efficient collection of reimbursement from the United Nations for peace support operations o The leveraging of DoD intellectual property o The rightsizing of the human resource component of the department o The disposal of redundant equipment o In-house maintenance and repair of some of our assets and facilities. KEY ISSUES • How can we arrest the decline of the SANDF? • The Economy of the country is in decline and there is not enough budget to meet all the needs of the country? • What can be done to fund the SANDF so that it can meet its constitutional mandate? • How can the SANDF contribute to patriotism, skills development and job creation in the country?

Peace & Stability summary

4.) TERRORISM South Africa is not a primary target for attack by an international terrorist organisation. However, South African cannot afford to be complacent and reactive as individuals resident in the country. KEY ISSUES • Review legislation on counter terrorism. • Increase financial intelligence monitoring and prosecution. • Conscientise communities through the branches in the dangers of radicalisation of community member by terror groups through internet and social media platforms. 5.) ACTIVITIES OF PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES • There is a need to look into the foreign ownership, management control and the employment of the foreign nationals including their possession of high calibre weapons. • The is a need to look into the role of the private security companies in facilitating the participation of South Africans in the conflict areas abroad, in violation of Foreign Military Assistance Act. • Re-examine the government’s utilization of the private security companies in the National Key Points or Critical Infrastructure. • Look into the inadequate cooperation between the law enforcement agencies and the private security companies.

Peace & Stability summary

DESIRED POLICIES 6.) JUSTICE AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT Desired Policy: must develop an Integrated Criminal Justice System to enhance efficiency and improve the coordination and integration across the criminal justice value chain. MOTIVIATION FOR REDRAFT: Redraft the Criminal Procedure Act to radically transform old-order policies and court processes to improve the efficiency of the criminal justice system; • Accelerate the modernisation of the criminal justice system to enhance efficiency. • To improve victim support and the implementation of the child justice system. • Strengthening the capacity of the State to maintain domestic peace and stability and to deal effectively with threats to domestic stability caused by illegal migrants. • Enhance intelligence-driven investi-gations. • Develop a corruption-resilient criminal justice system. Desired Policy: As part of enhancing access to justice the Department must establish a one stop court precinct in small towns, rural villages and far-flung areas in order to provide court-related services of both the Magistrates and High Court MOTIVIATION FOR POLICY: The process of rationalisation has a direct impact on the distribution of courts across municipalities and provinces. For enhance access to justice and efficiency of the justice system it is important that all services of all courts are accessible, especially to people in rural villages, small towns and far-flung areas.

Peace & Stability summary

• For this purpose it is important that these areas services are obtainable from a one-stop court precinct where services of a Magistrate’s Court, High Court and other justice-related services can be access. • The establishing of one stop court precinct will reduce costs in infrastructure enhance integration of court-related services in rural and far-flung areas. TRANSFORMATION 1.) Transformation of the State Legal Services to enhance the capacity of the State Desired Policies: • The State Attorney Amendment Act of 2014 to be implemented as matter of urgency • The legislative reforms to align the dispensation of Solicitor-General to the NDPP and enhancement of the capacity of the State Attorney must be accelerated 2.) Transformation of the Judiciary and the legal sector Desired outcomes as motivation for Government to accelerate the transformation of the legal sector:

Peace & Stability summary

• Implementing the State Attorney Amendment Act of 2014 which provides a framework to transform policies on the allocation of State’s legal work to Women and Black practitioners. In turn this will provide opportunity to nurture skills and talent in niche areas of the law and thereby provide a critical mass of candidates for elevation to judicial office. • Enhancing the capacity of the National Legal Forum on the Legal Practice established under the Legal Practice Act by creating a core team of progressive practitioners to work on a semi-permanent basis to realise the statutory mandate for the Forum. • Establishing effective oversight mechanisms over the work of the National Forum on the Legal Practice by Government and Parliament to eliminate the risk of interest-driven outcomes that overlook public interest. • Accelerating the transformation of the law curriculum to infuse a new legal culture and the language imperative underpinned by the Constitution. • Developing bursary, scholarships and funding schemes that will enable Government to attract a critical mass of legal practitioners in niche areas of the law, including constitutional litigation, commercial law, property law, aviation, etc. • Partnering with progressive international law institutions and universities with a view to facilitate exchange programmes to nurture and hone legal skills on various facets of the law among practitioners, academics and law scholars.

Peace & Stability summary

Acceleration of the transformation of the South African legal system as a whole (Renaissance of the legal system) Desired Policy: Government must accelerate the renaissance of the legal system to build a new legal order founded on the Constitution as the supreme law of the land. OTHER POLICE Progress report on the 53rd conference resolutions sees the policing sector lagging far behind • A resolution was made to establish a single Police Service: DELAYED • Improve the Conditions of Service for SAPS members at lower levels: DELAYED • To establish street committees to assis in the fight against crime: DELAYED • Trasformation in Security Departments: DELAYED • Rhino Poaching: Insufficient human capacity to contain the problem

Peace & Stability summary

Legislature & Governance

Paper addresses transformation of the state, specifically the capacity of the state, and it will consider the various ANC policies, progress with their implementation and the proposals for improvement. “The ANC has endorsed the National Development Plan (NDP) and therefore it will inform and guide our approaches on building a capable state”

Executive Summary

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i. Governance and legislatures at national, provincial and municipal level. a. 257 municipalities; bottom up governance approach; majority vote in elections b. GDP – doubled; employment 6 million more people working since 1994 ; Public resource allocation c. Party instability spills over into legislatures – focus on caucus, that they conduct themselves well, know the rules etc; attendance must be tracked; consider qualifications etc on party lists d. proposal to make ANC (majority party) chief whip the parliamentary whip e. Fifth parliament – conscious attack on institutional integrity f. Policy to consider Speaker of Parliament (as opposed to Speaker of NA and chair of NCOP) – g. Also policy review on role and functions of NCOP; document tabled at legkotla, as well as input from Salga; also possible link to involve traditional leaders. h. Political party funding legislation must be introduced. ii. The macro configuration of the state. a. Recognise three spheres of government – with provinces and municipalities having control of more than 50% of total budget. b. Cogta – policy framework on provincial government – found instability and ineffectiveness in certain areas; role of provinces going forward is uncertain; performance and capacity are uneven c. Found two-tier system is complex and ineffective; municipal government is key d. Conference 52 and 53 resolved there should be a presidential commission to investigate… has not yet happened, must be fast-tracked.

Legislature & governance

e. Role of the president is key in respect of driving developmental state and capacity, NDP; coordinating spheres of government; Core functions must include planning and policy; (dedicated department) Cooperative governance legislation to be enacted; regulatory framework for accountability of provinces; iii. Provinces, public service administration, planning coordination, service delivery and capacity building, including cadre development a. Water, housing, electricity; health care; education b. Public service administration doesn’t recognise a single public service – must allow legal space for reorganisation of government c. Consolidating Public service management act – implemented across spheres but also needs review d. Government school for continuous training of employees iv. Municipal spatial planning, Urbanization and economic development. a. Challenge of urbanisation – 80%of the population by 2050 b. Numerous spatial plans that target different areas with different priorities c. Development of cities largely led by private sector d. Integrated urban development framework must consolidate all plans

Legislature & governance

v. Governance of Institutions Supporting Democracy and State Owned Entities (SOEs). a. Role of public enterprises in the South African economic development process has yet to be clearly defined and incorporated into policy b. Presidential SOE Coordinating Council must ensure the mandates of SOEs are aligned with the developmental state objectives c. Challenge of weak leadership – oversight mechanism must be strengthened – corruption uprooted and reported d. Those that own land must make it available for development where necessary e. Policy paper in repositioning SOEs as catalysts of socio economic transformation vi. The role and structure of traditional leadership a. Department of traditional affairs – powers not constitutionally secured; inadequate support; still only at local level… b. 53rd conference resolved the ANC NEC L&G Sub-committee should prepare a paper for the NEC to take a decision on outstanding issues on traditional affairs c. Need to hold consultative conference on numerous outstanding issues around traditional leadership vii. The role of civil society, participatory democracy and reaching out to communities. a. ISD – Institutions supporting democracy – must be evaluated in respect of the NDP b. Human rights culture must be consistent with liberation culture c. Consider a single human rights body – cost implications of current model

Legislature & governance

d. Job creation – public employment programmes; community work programmes; In 2015/16, the programme gave work opportunities to 220 056 participants from 203 municipalities. Out the total number of CWP participants, women constituted 77%, youth: 42% and people with disabilities: 1%. In 2015/16, approximately R1,7 billion (R1 675 772 787) went directly to participants in the form of stipends, State institutions must prioritise job creation opportunities. viii. Capable State a. Four key areas – Stabilise political interference; make public service and local government careers of choice; develop technical and specialist professional skills; improve relations across the three spheres b. State must be strong and legitimate in order to lead; new sectors guided and motivated; review and harmonise laws to fast track service delivery; professionalise public service c. Priorities - State communication; revival of towns and industrial areas; SOE mandates aligned to state mandate

Legislature & governance

Challenges • Poverty and inequality • Unemployment • Youth • Elections 2016 – local government crucial to National Democratic Revolution. 2019 will be a challenge – Gauteng important as it generated more votes than Western cape, Northern Cape, Free State and north West combined – possibly develop a coalition policy – By National conference must develop a policy paper on the development of an ANC Electoral commission

Challenges • Poverty and inequality • Unemployment • Youth • Elections 2016 – local government crucial to National Democratic Revolution. 2019 will be a challenge – Gauteng important as it generated more votes than Western cape, Northern Cape, Free State and north West combined – possibly develop a coalition policy – By National conference must develop a policy paper on the development of an ANC Electoral commission • Corruption – collusion has been classified as corruption; reducing confidence – rise to protests; inaction of the ANC has caused regression; leadership must deal effectively and ethically; review public administration and management bill; public representatives barred from doing business with the state; probity audits of potential office bearers; full declaration of interests, fast track ethics management office • Naturalised persons as office bearers .

Legislature & governance